Lipomas, medically known as lipomas, are benign tumors typically located beneath the skin. They are soft, movable, and painless to the touch. These growths are made up of fat cells and are generally treated for cosmetic concerns or physical discomfort. While lipomas can occur singly, some individuals may develop multiple lipomas.
What Is a Cyst?
A cyst is a sac-like structure enclosed by a capsule and filled with fluid, semi-solid material, or oily substances. The most common types found on the skin are epidermoid cysts and sebaceous cysts. Cysts are usually located close to the skin’s surface, can grow in size over time, and have a tendency to become infected.
Differences Between Lipomas and Cysts
| Characteristic | Lipoma | Cyst (Epidermoid/Sebaceous) |
|---|---|---|
| Content | Fat cells | Keratin, sebum, or fluid |
| Mobility | Freely movable | Usually limited |
| Pain | Generally painless | Can be painful if infected |
| Growth Rate | Slow | May enlarge over time |
| Infection Risk | Low | High tendency to become infected |
Causes of Lipomas and Cysts
- Genetic predisposition
- Fat metabolism disorders
- Trauma or skin irritation
- Abnormal development of subcutaneous fat tissue
- Blocked hair follicles (specifically for cysts)
Symptoms
Lipomas
- Soft, palpable lumps under the skin
- Moves slightly when pressed
- Typically smaller than 5 cm
- Painless (can cause discomfort if near nerve tissue)
Cysts
- Lump beneath the skin
- Occasionally with a visible opening or discharge
- Redness and pain may develop over time
- Swelling and warmth if infection occurs
Diagnostic Methods
Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination. However, the following methods may also be used:
- Ultrasound: To evaluate the internal structure of the lesion
- MRI or CT scan: For deeply located or suspicious growths
- Biopsy: To differentiate from malignant tumors
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the size, location, pain level, and infection status of the lipoma or cyst.
1. Surgical Excision
- The most commonly preferred method
- Complete removal under local anesthesia
- Lowest risk of recurrence
- Allows for pathological examination
2. Drainage (for cysts)
- Infected cysts are first drained
- Excision is scheduled after infection is controlled
3. Laser Treatment (in rare cases)
- Suitable for small, superficial cysts
- Minimal scarring risk
Post-Treatment Process
| Phase | Description |
|---|---|
| Recovery Time | Average of 7–10 days |
| Need for Dressing | Often required after cyst drainage |
| Scar Formation | Mild scarring may occur after surgical removal |
| Recurrence Risk | Incomplete removal may lead to recurrence |
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a lipoma turn into cancer?
No. Lipomas are usually benign and the risk of malignant transformation is extremely low.
Do cysts go away on their own?
Most cysts tend to grow over time and do not resolve spontaneously. Intervention is necessary if infection develops.
Should every lipoma be removed?
Not necessarily. If the lipoma is not growing, painful, causing cosmetic concern, or functional problems, it may simply be monitored.
What happens if a cyst bursts?
A ruptured infected cyst may offer temporary relief, but it does not resolve the issue entirely. Surgical treatment is required.
Benefits of Removing Lipomas and Cysts
| Advantage | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Cosmetic Improvement | Especially relevant for visible areas like the face and neck |
| Prevention of Complications | Eliminates the risk of growth and infection |
| Diagnostic Certainty | Pathological examination ensures an accurate diagnosis |
| Reduced Recurrence Risk | Full excision significantly lowers the chance of recurrence |
Although lipomas and cysts are typically benign, intervention may be required for aesthetic or health reasons. Early dermatological assessment is important for timely diagnosis and treatment. Lesions that grow, cause pain, or become inflamed should be evaluated promptly by a medical professional.
All content on this site is for informational purposes only and is based on scientific sources valid at the time of publication. For any symptoms, diagnoses, or treatment requirements related to health, please consult your physician or a licensed healthcare facility directly.